目的 研究M50钢在3种典型大气环境（万宁湿热海洋气候、江津亚热带酸雨气候和西双版纳热带雨林气候）中的腐蚀行为与力学性能演变规律,为M50超高强度钢材料及其构件在典型环境中的服役可靠性提供科学依据。方法 通过为期2 a的户外暴露试验,结合腐蚀动力学分析、微观形貌表征与力学性能测试,系统研究在3种环境下M50钢的腐蚀行为。结果 M50钢在万宁地区的腐蚀最为严重,其年平均腐蚀速率高达82.05 g/(m2·a),点蚀速率为28.17 μm/a,均高于江津和西双版纳地区。在力学性能方面,暴露于万宁与江津环境2 a后的试样均在弹性阶段即发生断裂,其中万宁地区试样的抗拉强度下降最为显著,性能保留率仅为41.02%。结论 M50钢的腐蚀主要萌生于碳化物（MC、M2C）与基体的界面处,碳化物作为阴极相诱发微电偶效应加速局部腐蚀,万宁的Cl-和江津的SO2是主要的腐蚀促进因子,其中Cl-的影响更为显著,导致万宁环境下材料性能发生急剧退化。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the corrosion behavior and mechanical property evolution of M50 steel in three typical atmospheric environments (Wanning hot-humid marine climate, Jiangjin subtropical acid rain climate, and Xishuangbanna tropical rainforest climate), and to provide a scientific basis for assessing the service reliability of M50 ultra-high-strength steel material and its components in such environments. A two-year outdoor exposure test was conducted. The corrosion behavior of M50 steel in three environments was systematically studied in combination with combining corrosion kinetics analysis, microscopic morphology characterization, and mechanical property testing. M50 steel experienced the most severe corrosion in the Wanning area, with an average annual corrosion rate of 82.05 g/(m2·a) and a pitting corrosion rate of 28.17 μm/a, both higher than those in Jiangjin and Xishuangbanna. Regarding mechanical properties, specimens exposed for two years in both Wanning and Jiangjin environments fractured during the elastic deformation stage. The tensile strength of specimens from Wanning decreased the most significantly, with a property retention rate of only 41.02%. The corrosion of M50 steel primarily initiates at the interface between carbides (MC, M2C) and the matrix. Acting as cathodic phases, the carbides induce a micro-galvanic effect, accelerating localized corrosion. Chloride ions (Cl-) in Wanning and sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Jiangjin are the main corrosion accelerators, with Cl- having a more pronounced effect, which leads to a sharp degradation of material performance in the Wanning environment.
关键词
M50钢 /
大气环境 /
点蚀 /
力学性能 /
碳化物 /
电偶腐蚀
Key words
M50 steel /
atmospheric environment /
pitting corrosion /
mechanical properties /
carbides /
galvanic corrosion
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